Chemical & Physical Properties
Chemical Formula: [NH4PO3]n(OH)2
Form: Liquid
Colour: Colourless or white Liquid
CAS No. 68333-79-9
HS Code: 28353900
What is Ammonium Polyphosphate?
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) is a type of flame retardant and intumescent agent. It is used to improve the fire resistance of various materials, particularly in industries like plastics, textiles, and construction. APP is a long-chain polymeric compound made up of ammonium and phosphate groups. It is typically a white, non-toxic, and non-halogenated powder.
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) can also refer to a type of fertilizer. In this context, APP is a compound containing both ammonium (NH4+) and polyphosphate (PO3-) ions. It is commonly used as a source of nitrogen and phosphorus for plant nutrition. APP fertilizers are water-soluble and provide plants with these essential nutrients, which are vital for their growth and development.
The ammonium component in APP provides a source of nitrogen, while the polyphosphate component supplies phosphorus. The combination of these nutrients can be particularly beneficial for various crops and plants, promoting healthy root development, flowering, and fruit production.
APP fertilizers are available in different formulations, including liquid and granular forms, to suit the specific needs of different crops and soil types. They are widely used in agriculture to improve crop yields and ensure adequate nutrient supply for plants.
Applications
- Flame retardants
- Fertilizers
- Food Additives
- Polymer Additives
- Coatings
- Adhesives
- Pharmaceuticals
Benefits
Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) offers several benefits depending on its application:
Flame Retardancy: In flame retardant applications, APP is highly effective at reducing the flammability of materials. It releases ammonia when exposed to high temperatures, which dilutes flammable gases and hinders combustion. It also creates a protective char layer that acts as a barrier to further combustion. This is crucial for improving fire safety in various industries, including construction, textiles, and electronics.
Smoke Suppression: APP not only reduces the likelihood of a material catching fire but also helps minimize smoke production during a fire. This can be critical in enhancing safety by improving visibility during an emergency and reducing the inhalation of toxic smoke.
Nutrient Supply: In the context of fertilizers, APP provides essential nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) to plants. This can lead to increased crop yields, healthier plant growth, improved flowering, and enhanced fruit production.
Water Solubility: APP fertilizers are water-soluble, making it easier to apply and deliver nutrients to plants efficiently.
Versatility: APP can be used in various forms, such as liquids or granules, depending on the specific needs of different crops and soils. Its versatility allows it to be used in a wide range of agricultural applications.
Non-Halogenated: As a flame retardant, APP is often preferred over halogenated flame retardants, which can release toxic byproducts when burned. APP does not contain halogens, making it a more environmentally friendly option.
Low Toxicity: APP is generally considered to have low toxicity, which is advantageous when used in applications where human or environmental exposure is a concern.
Stability: APP is stable under normal storage conditions, which ensures that it remains effective and safe for handling until it is used.
